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২০১৮ সালে ১৪ মে ডোনাল্ট ট্রাম্প আমেরিকার দুতাবাস তেল আবিব থেকে সরিয়ে আনে জেরুজালেমে। আমেরিকার এতদিনের নীতি থেকে সরে এসে এমন পদক্ষেপে ফিলিস্তিনিরা মারাত্বকভাবে ক্ষুদ্ধ হয়। তবে জন্মের পর থেকেই ইসরাইলের সবচেয়ে বড় বন্ধু আমেরিকা ।
ইসরাইল রাস্ট্র ধারনাকে বাস্তবে রুপ দিতে সবার প্রথম এগিয়ে এসেছিল ব্রিটিন। ১৯১৭ সালের ‘বেলফোর ঘোষনা’ ছিল ইহুদীদের দেয়া ব্রিটিশদের প্রথম প্রতিশ্রুতি।সবসময় ইসরাইলের স্বার্থ দেখেছে ব্রিটেন ।
হিটলার জার্মানীর ক্ষমতায় আসার পর চুক্তি করে আরো ৫০ হাজার ইহুদী ফিলিস্তিনে পাঠাতে শূর করে।এরপর হিটলারের ইহুদী নিধন শুরু হলে জায়ানবাদিদের জন্য সহানুভুতি বাড়িয়ে দিয়েছিল। ইহুদী রাষ্ট্র গঠন ত্বরান্তিত হয়েছিল।
দ্বিতীয় যুদ্ধের পর ব্রিটেন ফিলিস্তিন থেকে সরে আসার ঘোষণা দেয় । সেদিন ১৫ মে, ১৯৪৮ সালে ইসরায়েল তাদের স্বাধীনতা ঘোষণা করে বসে। তাদের প্রথম প্রধানমন্ত্রী হন ডেভিড বেন গুরিওন।
১৬২ টি দেশ ইসরায়লকে স্বীকৃতি দিয়েছে। ৩৫টি দেশে বিরোধিতা করে যার বেশিরভাগই মুসলিমদের দেশ। পৃথিবীর একটি দেশ যার সাথে বাংলাদেশের কুটনৈতিক সম্পর্ক নাই সেটি ইসরায়েল। বাংলাদেশি পাসপোর্ট নিয়ে কেউ ইসরায়েলে যেতে পারেনা ।
১৯৪৮ এ ব্রিটেন চলে যাবার পর লেবানন, সিরিয়া, জর্ডান, মিশর একসঙ্গে আক্রমন করেছিল।কিন্তু হেরে যায় । ১৯৬৭ সালে যুদ্ধে হেরে গিয়ে মিশরের প্রেসিডেন্ট জামাল আবদেল নাসের পদত্যাগ করতে বাধ্য হন।
আরো পড়ুন : বখতিয়ার খলজি: বাংলার প্রথম মুসলিম শাসক
প্রথম মুসলিম দেশ হিসেবে প্রথম স্বীকৃতি দেয় তুরস্ক ১৯৪৯ সালে ।
আর ১৯৭৯ সালে স্বীকৃত দেয় প্রথম আরব দেশ মিশর। এজন্য মিশরের প্রেসিডেন্ট আনোয়ার সাদাত নোবেল পুরস্কার পান শান্তিতে। আরব লীগ বিরোধিতা করে মিশরের সদস্যপদ বন্ধ রাখে দশ বছর। শেষ পর্যন্ত এই সংকট খুন হন আনোয়ার সাদাত।
ইরান কুটনৈতিক সম্পর্ক স্থাপন করেছিল ইসরাইলের সাথে ।পরে ইরানে ইসলামি বিপ্লব হলে ছিন্ন হয়ে যায় সেই সম্পর্ক ।
কয়েক বছর পর জর্ডান ১৯৯৪ সালে ইসরাইলেকে স্বীকার করে শান্তি চুক্তি করে । কথা দেয় তাদের ভুখন্ড ব্যবহার করে তৃতীয় কেউ ইসরাইল আক্রমন করতে পারবেনা । মিশর স্বাগত জানায় , সিরিয়া প্রত্যাখান করে ।
এরপর ২০২০ সালে সংযুক্ত আরব আমিরাত ও বাহরাইন স্বীকৃতি প্রদান করে। সৌদি আরব স্বীকৃতি দেয়ার দারপ্রান্তে ।
তবে সবসময় রাশিয়া, চীন ও ইরান ফিলিস্তিনিদের পক্ষে থেকেছে ।
২০০২ সালে সৌদি বাদশাহ আব্দুল্লাহর নেতৃত্বে আরব বিশ্বের ২২ টি দেশ ঘোষণা দিয়েছিল যে, ‘১৯৬৭ সালে যুদ্ধে দখল করা ভুমি ছেড়ে দিয়ে জেরুজালেমকে ফিলিস্তিনির রাজধানী মেনে নিয়ে একটি স্বাধীন সার্বভৌম রাষ্ট্র গঠন করতে দিতে হবে। না দিলে ইসরাইলের সাথে আরব বিশ্বের সম্পর্ক ভালো হবে না’। তাদের সেই অবস্থান থেকে এখন সৌদি আরব সরে এসেছে বলেই মনে হয়।
চারটি আরব দেশ শান্তি চুক্তি করলেও সাধারন জনগনের সাথে ইহুদীদের সম্পর্ক ভালো হয়নি এখনও। আজ ৪০ বছরেও মিশরের জনগন ইহুদিদের মন থেকে গ্রহণ করতে পারেনি, তেমনি পারেনি জর্ডানের জনগনও।
তাই নতুন নতুন শান্তি চুক্তি এ অঞ্চলে কতটুক শান্তি বয়ে আনবে তা নিয়ে সংশয় থেকে যায় ।
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