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সত্যজিৎ রায়ের ‘পথের পাচালী’ যারা দেখেছেন তারা সকলেই দেখেছেন এক অতিশয় বৃদ্ধার অসামান্য অভিনয়। যাকে দেখে স্বয়ং সত্যজিৎ রায় বলেছিলেন ‘এই বৃদ্ধার সন্ধান না পেলে ‘পথের পাঁচালী’বানানোই হতো না’। কিন্তু কে এই বৃদ্ধা ? কোথায় কিভাবে খুঁজে পেলেন অপু দূর্গার এই বৃদ্ধা পিসিকে ?
১৯৫৫ সালে মুক্তি পায় বাংলা সিনেমার ইতিহাস বদলে দেয়া সিনেমা ‘পথের পাচালী’। মুক্তির পর সারা বিশ্বে সোরগোল ফেলে দেয় সত্যজিৎ রায়ের এই সিনেমা। সর্বকালের শ্রেষ্ঠ বাংলা সিনেমা হিসেবে স্বীকৃতি পায় ‘পথের পাচালী”।
এই সিনেমায় যে কয়েকটি চরিত্র মানুষের মনে সবচেয়ে বেশি দাগ কেটে আছে ,তার একটি হলো ইন্দির ঠাকুরণ। বিধবা, স্বামী-সন্তানহীন অতিশয় দরিদ্র একজন বৃদ্ধা। ভাইয়ের ইচ্ছায় পিতৃপ্রদত্ত ভিটের একটি ঘরে তার আশ্রয়। সম্পর্কে অপু দূর্গার পিসি তিনি। আশ্রিত এই বৃদ্ধার সাথে দরিদ্র পরিবারের সদস্যদের সম্পর্কের ভালোবাসা ও টানপোড়েন দেখা যায় সিনেমায়। দূর্গা-অপুর প্রতি তার অকৃত্রিক ভালোবাসার প্রকাশ এবং গল্পের শেষে তার মৃত্যু দর্শককে আবেগী করে তোলে।
সিনেমা জুড়ে তার অসাধারণ অভিনয় পুরো ‘পথের পাচালীকে’এক অনন্য উচ্চতায় নিয়ে গেছে। শুধু বাংলা সিনেমায় নয় বিশ্ব সিনেমায়ও এমন বয়সি অভিনেত্রীর নিঁখুত অভিনয় খুঁজে পাওয়া মুশকিল।
ইন্দির ঠাকুরনের আসল নাম চুনিবালা দেবি। যখন এই সিনেমায় অভিনয় করেন তখন তার বয়স ছিলো ৮০ বছর। তিনি ছিলেন একজন থিয়েটার কর্মী। পথের পাঁচালী আগে তিনি আরও তিনটি সিনেমাতে অভিনয় করেছিলেন। রবিন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর পরিচালিত এবং অভিনীত একমাত্র সিনেমা ‘নটীর পূজাতে’ (১৯৩২)অভিনয় করেছিলেন এই চুনিবালা দেবী। তবে তার প্রথম অভিনীত সিনেমা বিগ্রহ (১৯৩০), দ্বিতীয় সিনেমা ‘রিক্ত’ (১৯৩৯)। সব সিনেমায় তিনি ছিলেন পাশ্বচরিত্রে।
সিনেমায় খূব একটা নাম করতে না পেরে, অবহেলা আর অর্থকষ্টের জীবন থেকে বাঁচতে তিনি ঠাঁই নিয়েছিলেন কলকাতার পতিতালয়ে। মৃত্যু যখন তার সন্নিকটে তখন সুযোগ আসে ‘পথের পাঁচালীতে কাজ করার। হয়তো অন্ধকার থেকে আলোয় ফেরার জন্যই এতদিন জীবিত ছিলেন চুনিবালা। সিনেমা মুক্তি পাবার পর তো ইতিহাসে নাম লেখালেন মহাণ এই শিল্পী।
সত্যজিৎ তাকে খুজে পেলেন কিভাবে :
বিভূতিভুষণের উপন্যাসে ইন্দির ঠাকুরন ছিলেন পঁচাত্তর বছর বয়সি বৃদ্ধা, যিনি বয়সের ভারে নুব্জ। সত্যজিৎ রায় আগেই ঘোষণা দিয়েছিলেন যে তার সিনেমায় তিনি কোন মেকাপ ব্যবহার করা হবে না। মেকাপ ছাড়া এমন বৃদ্ধা চরিত্র বানানো তো সত্যিই মুশকিল। সত্যিকারের এমন একজন বৃদ্ধাকে খোঁজা হচ্ছিল যাকে দিয়ে অভিনয় করানো যাবে। অপু দুর্গা, সর্বজয়া, হরিহরসহ সিনেমার সব প্রধান চরিত্র ইতিমধ্যে ঠিক করে ফেলেছেন সত্যজিৎ কিন্তু কোন ভাবেই খুঁজে পাচ্ছিলেন না মনের মতন ইন্দির ঠাকুরণ।
এমন সময় রেবা দেবী, যিনি ‘পথের পাঁচালী’র সেজো ঠাকুরণ হয়েছেন, তিনি সত্যজিৎ কে খোঁজ জানালেন এক বৃদ্ধার। তিনি হলেন এই চুনিবালা দেবী। চুনিবালা সিনেমা ছেড়েছেন অনেককাল। এখন মৃত্যুর প্রহর গুনছেন কলকাতার একটি জীর্ন ঘরে।
খুঁজে খুঁজে একদিন তার ঘরে গিয়ে হাজির সত্যজিৎ রায়। বৃদ্ধাকে দেখেই চমকে গিয়েছিলেন সত্যজিৎ। মনে মনে নিশ্চিত হয়েছিলেন তিনি পেয়ে গেছেন তার ইন্দির ঠাকুরনকে। কিন্তু তার মনে কিছুটা সংকোচ ছিল এই অতিশয় বৃদ্ধা কি সংলাপ মনে রাখতে পারবেন ? কিংবা সিনেমার শুটিং এর শারিরিক ধকল কি সইতে পারবেন? পরে যখন গড়গড় করে ছোটবেলার ছড়া শুনিয়ে দিলেন চুনিবালা দেবী তখন নিশ্চিত হলেন সত্যজিৎ।
শুরু করলেন সিনেমার শুটিং। কলকাতা থেকে ৭০ কিলোমিটার দুরে বড়াল গ্রামে শুটিং হত। প্রতিদিন কলকাতা থেকে ট্যাক্সিতে করে শুটিং স্পটে আসতেন চুনিবালা দেবি । আর অভিনয়ে পারিশ্রমিক হিসেবে পেতেন ২০ টাকা করে । সত্যজিৎ সবসময় ভয়ে থাকতেন সিনেমা শেষ করার আগেই যদি মারা যান চুনিবালা তাহলে সব শেষ। কিন্তু সবাইকে অবাক করে দিয়ে আড়াই বছর ধরে চলা শুটিং শেষ হবার পর মারা যান বাংলা সিনেমার কালজয়ী এই অভিনেত্রী ।
সিনেমায় তার একটি দৃশ্য ছিল মৃত্যুর পর তাকে খাটিয়ায় তোলা হবে। ইউনিট এর সবাই ভয়ে ছিল কোন সমস্যা হয় কিনা এই দৃশ্য শুটিং এ। তাকে খাটিয়ায় তুলে শট নেয়া শেষে যখন নামানো হলো তখন আর চোখ খোলেন না চুনিবালা, অনড় হয়ে পড়ে থাকলেন খাটিয়ায়। সবাই ভয়ে পেয়ে গেলেন যে তিনি মারা গেলেন কিনা এই ভেবে। হঠাৎ চুনিবালা উঠে বলেন ‘শট হয়ে গেছে? কই, আমাকে তো কেউ বলেনি ! আমি তাই মড়া হয়ে পড়ে আছি’। শুটিং শেষে সত্যজিৎ রায় বলছেন, ‘আশ্চর্য অভিনয়!’।
১৮৭২ সালে জন্ম নেয়া চুনিবালা মারা যান ৮৩ বছর বয়স ১৯৫৫ সালে। ‘পথের পাঁচালী’মুক্তির মাত্র কয়েকমাস আগে। চুনিবালা দেবই প্রথম ভারতীয় অভিনয় শিল্পী হিসেবে ম্যানিলা ফ্লিম ফ্যাস্টিবলে পুরুস্কার পান। যদিও পুরুস্কার গ্রহণের আগে পৃথিবী ছেড়ে চলে যান ধ্রুপদী এই শিল্পী।
যতদিন বাংলা সিনেমা টিকে থাকবে ততদিন ‘পথের পাঁচালী’ টিকে থাকবে। সাথে টিকে থাকবেন এই ইন্দির ঠাকুরণ হিসেবে চুনিবালা দেবী
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