ক্রীতদাস ব্যবসা বাংলা থেকে আমেরিকা


পারভেজ সেলিম

পারভেজ সেলিম ।।


বাংলার হাট বাজারে একসময় গরু ছাগলের মত বিক্রি হত মানুষ। এখন বিশ্বাস করতে অনেকের কষ্ট হতে পারে কিন্তু এটাই ছিল বাস্তব। আরব কিংবা আফ্রিকায় দাস দাসী বিক্রি একটি স্বাভাবিক ব্যাপার মনে করা হলেও আমাদের এ অঞ্চলে ক্রীতদাস বিক্রির এমন ঘটনা বিশ্বাস করা কঠিন। 

বাংলার হাট বাজারে দাস দাসী বিক্রির প্রমাণ পাওয়া যায় পৃথিবী খ্যাত মুসলমান পর্যটক ইবনে বতুতার লেখায়। তিনি এই বাংলায় এসেছিলেন ১৩৪৫ সালে। তার লেখায় সে সময়ের বাংলার আর্থসামাজিক অবস্থার পাশাপাশি পাওয়া যায় ক্রীতদাস বেচা বিক্রির মতো নির্মম কু প্রথাটির অস্তিত্ব। 

ইবনে বতুতা কে ?

ইবনে বতুতা ছিলেন মরক্কোর একজন নামকরা অভিযাত্রী। বাংলাদেশের মানুষের কাছেও তিনি বেশ পরিচিত। তিনি সারা বিশ্ব ঘুরে দেখার জন্য বের হয়েছিলেন। তবে পুরোটা শেষ করতে পারেন নি। মুসলমান পরিব্রাজকদের মধ্যে তিনিও সবচেয়ে নামকরা।

ইবনে বতুতা বাংলাদেশে এসেছিলেন ১৩৪৫-৪৬ সালে। তার এ দেশে আসার মুল কারনই হলো হয়রত শাহজালালকে স্বচক্ষে দেখা এবং তার সান্নিধ্য লাভ করা। আফ্রিকা ও মধ্য এশিয়ার দেশ ঘোরা শেষে তিনি প্রথমে আসেন দিল্লিতে। সেখান থেকে আসেন আমাদের বাংলায়।

ইবনে বতুতা চট্রগ্রাম বন্দরে নেমে সেখান থেকে প্রথমে সিলেটে যান। সিলেটে তিনি তিন দিন থাকেন। হয়রত শাহজালালের সাথে সাক্ষাৎ শেষে ৫০ দিন ধরে নদী পথে সোঁনারগাও আসেন। সেখান থেকে জাহাজে চলে যান ইন্দোনেশিয়ার জাভায়।

এই কিছু সময় তিনি বাংলার অর্থনৈতিক ও সামাজিক অবস্থার যে তথ্য দেন তা থেকে যান বাংলা তখন খাদ্যে স্বয়ংসম্পূর্ন ছিল। ধান, চাল আর গরু ছাগলের উৎপাদন ছিল প্রচুর। 

তবে দরিদ্র মানুষের সংখ্যাও কম ছিল না। এই দরিদ্র মানুষগুলোই বিক্রি হত হাট বাজারে দাস দাসি হিসেবে।ধনী ব্যক্তিরা হাটে গিয়ে এককালিন টাকা দিয়ে কিনে আনতো মানুষ।

কত দাম ক্রীতদাসের ?

বতুতা একজন সুন্দরী দাসী বিক্রি হতে দেখেছে ৭ টাকায়। ইবনে বতুতা যখন বাংলায় আসেন তখন  ৭ টাকায় সাড়ে আটমন চাল পাওয়া যেত। বর্তমানে চালের মন ২৫০০ টাকা। সে হিসেবে এখনকার ১০-১১ হাজার টাকায় পাওয়া যেত একজন দাসী। আবার একটি দুধেল গাই কিনতে লাগতো ২১ টা। মানে কেউ একটা গাই বিক্রি করলে সেই  অর্থ দিয়ে তিনজন সুন্দরী দাসী কেনা সম্ভব ছিলো। 

অন্য আরেকটি হিসেবে দেখা যায়, সে সময় ৭ টাকায় পাওয়া যেত ২৮ মন ধান। আজকের হিসেবে ধানের মন ৭০০-১০০০ টাকা ধরলে একজন সুন্দরী দাসীর জন্য খরচ হত ২০-২৮ হাজার টাকা।


আরো পড়ুন : খলিফা আলী হত্যাকান্ড কেন এবং কিভাবে?


দাসী কিনেছিল ইবনে বতুতা 

ইবনে বতুতা নিজেও একজন সুন্দরী দাসী কিনেছিলেন। তার দাসীর নাম ছিল আশুরা। তার দাম পড়েছিল এক স্বর্ন দিনার বা ১০ টাকা। তার একজন সহযাত্রী ২ স্বর্ন দিনার বা ২০ টাকা দিয়ে কিনেছিলেন একজন অল্পবয়সী দাসী। তার নাম ছিল লুলু।

আরো প্রমাণ :

অনেক ইতিহাসবিদ মনে করেন বাংলায় যে ক্রীতদাস বিক্রি হত তা মুলত আমদানী করা ক্রীতদাস।স্থানীয় মানুষেরা নিজেরদের সন্তানদের এভাবে বিক্রি করে দিতো না। যদিও এ অঞ্চলে স্থানীয় ক্রীতদাস বিক্রির আরো কিছু প্রমাণ পাওয়া যায়।

১৮৬২ সালের এক হিসেবে দেখা যায় চট্রগ্রামে দাসের সংখ্যা ১ লক্ষ ২৫ হাজার। এদের দাম ছিল গড়ে বিশ টাকা করে।

 ১৮৩৯ সালের আইন কমিশনের রিপোর্টে দেখা যায় সিলেট, চট্রগ্রাম, ময়মনসিংহ, ঢাকা অঞ্চলের এক পঞ্চমাংশ মানুষ ছিল ক্রীতদাস।

১৮৩০ সালে সংবাদ পত্রে প্রকাশ হয় অযোদ্ধার নবাব ৫ জন সুন্দরী নারী ও ৭ জন পুরুষ কিনেছিলেন ২০ হাজার টাকায়।

১৮৩০ সাল পর্যন্ত বাংলার বাজারে হাবশী ও কাফ্রি নামে পরিচিত আফ্রিকান ক্রীতদাস-দাসী আমদানী কার হত। শুধু আফ্রিকা নয় আবর, চীন, তুরস্ক ও পারস্য থেকে আমাদের সুলতানরা ক্রীতদাস আমদানী করতো।

ওয়ারেন হিস্টিংস ভারতের গভর্নর এসেছিলেন ১৭৭৪ সালে। তার এগারো বছরের শাসনকালে তিনি আইন করেছিলেন কেউ যদি ক্রীতদাস কেনাবেচা করে তাহলে তাকে আদালতে রেজিস্ট্রি করতে হবে। রেজিস্ট্রি ফি দিতে হতো ৪ টাকা ৪ আনা।

ক্রীতদাসের ইতিহাস

আজ যে মানুষ আমরা দেখি তার যাত্রা শুরু হয়েছিল আজ থেকে ৭০ হাজার বছর আগে। এর আগে মানুষ জঙ্গলি ছিল। বাস করতো জঙ্গলে। তারও আগে কয়েক লক্ষ বছর লেগেছে এই প্রাণীটির মানুষ হয়ে উঠতে। যদিও আজকের মানুষের হিংস্রতা আর নির্মমতার প্রমাণ পাওয়া যায় তাতে মানুষের ধারণা পুরোটা পাল্টে যায়। সৃষ্টির সেরা জীব হয়ে ওঠে নিষ্ঠুর ও বর্বর এক হিংস্র প্রাণী। 

মানুষের হিংস্রতার আর অমানবিকতার সবচেয়ে বড় নিদর্শণ হচ্ছে ক্রীতদাস প্রথা। একজন মানুষ আরেকজন মানুষকে পশুর মতো মনে করতো এবং নিষ্ঠুরতা চালাতো। ক্রীতদাস প্রথাই মানব ইতিহাসের সবচেয়ে দীর্ঘতম নির্মম ও নৃশংসতার ঘটনা।

ক্রীতদাসের ধারণা শুরু হয় সভ্যতার শুরুতেই। সবচেয়ে প্রাচীন যে সভ্যতার কথা মানুষ এখন জানে সেই মেসোপটেমিয়া সভ্যতায় এই বর্বরতম প্রথাটির সুত্রপাত। সেটি ৪০০০ খ্রি.পুর্বাব্দে। এর হাজার বছর পর এই কুপ্রথা প্রবেশ করে মিশরে। আজকের যে পিরামিড আমরা দেখতে পাই তা কয়েক লক্ষ ক্রীতদাসের উপর নির্মম নির্যাতনের ফসল।

এরপর এই প্রথা ছড়িয়ে পড়ে ভারতসহ সারাবিশ্বে। চীনেও এই ক্রীতদাসের হাতে নির্মিত হয়েছে চীনের মহাপ্রাচীর। ৮০০ খ্রি.পুর্বে গ্রিসেও ক্রীতদাস প্রথা চালু ছিল। ৩০০ খ্রি.পুর্বের রোমেও দেখা গেছে ক্রীতদাসের। রোমানরা ক্রীতদাসদের হিংস্র পশুর সামনে ফেলে দিতো, মরনপণ লড়াই করে মরে যাওয়া দেখাই ছিল রোমানদের শ্রেষ্ঠ বিনোদন। ‘কলোসিয়াম’ ছিল সেই বিনোদনের প্রাণ কেন্দ্র ।

 রোমানরা আইন করে বেচা বিক্রি চালু রেখেছিল তাদের এই কুপ্রথাটি। একসময় ইটালীর মোট জনসংখ্যার ১৫ শতাংশই হয়ে ওঠেছিল ক্রীতদাস। ১০০ খ্রী.পুর্বে এসে দেখা গেল ইটালীর অর্ধেক মানুষই দাস।

১৪৯২ সালে ১২ অক্টোবর কলোম্বাস আমেরিকা আবিস্কার করেন। আমেরিকার অনেক অনাবাদি জমিতে কৃষি কাজের জন্য প্রয়োজন পড়ে অনেক শ্রমিকের। আর তাতেই শুরু হয় ক্রীতদাস বেচা বিক্রির নতুন বাণিজ্যে।

আফ্রিকা থেকে আটলান্টিক মহাসাগর পাড়ি দিয়ে হাজার হাজার মানুষকে আমেরিকায় এনে বিক্রি করা হত ক্রীতদাস হিসেবে। ইতিহাসে এটি পরিচিত ছিল ‘ ট্রান্স আটলান্টিক স্লেভ ট্রেড’ নামে। এটাই ছিল সেসময়ে সবচেয়ে লাভজনক ব্যবসা।

আমেরিকাই ছিল ক্রীতদাস বিক্রির সবচেয়ে বড় বাজার। প্রথমে কৃষিকাজের জন্য তাদের ব্যবহার করা হলেও পরে গৃহকর্মী, যৌনকর্মী থেকে শুরু করে বিনোদনের জন্যও নির্মম অত্যাচার করা হত  এসকল অভাগা মানুষদের।

বিক্রি বন্ধ হল কিভাবে ?

মানুষ বিক্রির এমন প্রথা ধীরে ধীরে বন্ধ হয়। ঠিক কবে বাংলার হাট বাজার মানুষ বিক্রি বন্ধ হয়েছে তা সঠিকভাবে বলা মুসকিল। 

ইউরোপে ১৪১৬ সালে রাগুসা নামের একটি দেশ প্রথম দাস প্রথা নিষিদ্ধ করে। নরওয়ে ও ডেনমার্ক ১৮০২ সালে দাস বাণিজ্য বন্ধ করে।

১৮২০ সালে ব্রিটিশরা দাস প্রথাকে নিরুৎসাহিত করতে শুরু করে।

১৮৪৩ সালে দাসদাসী প্রথা ধীরে ধীরে বিলুপ্তির জন্য ‘অ্যাক্ট ফাইভ’ প্রনীত হয় । এর মাধ্যমে প্রথমে ক্রীতদাস আমদানি রপ্তানী বন্ধ করা হয়। এর ফলে উপমহাদেশে দাস বাণিজ্য কমতে শুরু করে।

১৮৬৫ সালের ৬ আগস্ট আব্রাহাম লিংকন আমেরিকায় দাস প্রথা বিলুপ্তির আইন পাশ করেন যা ‘কনফিসকেশন অ্যাক্ট’ নামে পরিচিত।

নতুনরুপে ক্রীতদাস  :

মানব ইতিহাস এই জঘন্যতম প্রথাটি কি বিলুপ্ত হয়েছে ? না হয়নি।পৃথিবীর বিভিন্ন দেশের মতো বাংলাদেশেও এ্‌ই প্রথাটির বিলুপ্তি ঘটেনি।মানব পাচার, শ্রমিক শোষণ, যৌনকর্মে বাধ্য করার মতো ঘটনার মধ্যে দিয়ে টিকে আছে এই অমানবিক প্রথাটি। 

দিনে দিনে আরো নতুন নতুন মোড়কে বিশ্বের সামনে হাজির হচ্ছে ক্রীতদাস প্রথা। আগামীর বিশ্ব শোষন বঞ্চনাহীন বিশ্ব হবে, নাকি নতুন কোন মোড়কে নৃশংস ক্রীতদাস প্রথা ফিরে আসবে সেটি ভবিষ্যৎই বলতে পারবে।


পারভেজ সেলিম

লেখক ও চলচ্চিত্রকর্মী

সৌজন্যে : Banglabox

১,০১৮ thoughts on “ক্রীতদাস ব্যবসা বাংলা থেকে আমেরিকা

  1. With havin so much content do you ever run into any problems
    of plagorism or copyright infringement? My blog has a lot of completely unique content I’ve either created myself or outsourced but it seems a lot of it is popping it up all over the internet without my
    permission. Do you know any solutions to help prevent content from being ripped off?
    I’d truly appreciate it. quest bars http://bit.ly/3jZgEA2 quest bars

  2. Системно-феноменологический подход.

    Организационные расстановки Системные перестановки.
    Метод семейных расстановок по Берту Хеллингеру.

    Системно-семейные расстановки.
    Расстановки по Хеллингеру. Системные перестановки.

  3. Hi I am so grateful I found your weblog, I really found you by mistake,
    while I was researching on Askjeeve for something else, Nonetheless I am here now and would just like to say thanks a lot for a incredible post and a all round entertaining blog (I
    also love the theme/design), I don’t have time to read through it all at the minute but I have saved it and
    also added in your RSS feeds, so when I have time I
    will be back to read more, Please do keep up
    the awesome b.

  4. Hello there I am so happy I found your webpage, I really found you by error, while I was searching on Bing for something else, Anyhow I am here now and would just like to say
    thank you for a tremendous post and a all round exciting blog (I
    also love the theme/design), I don’t have time to look over it all at the moment but
    I have book-marked it and also added in your RSS feeds, so
    when I have time I will be back to read much more, Please
    do keep up the excellent jo.

  5. Thanks a lot for providing individuals with remarkably terrific possiblity to read articles and blog posts from here. It’s always so good plus packed with a great time for me and my office peers to search your website on the least three times in one week to see the fresh secrets you will have. Of course, we are actually contented concerning the outstanding knowledge you give. Some two areas in this posting are unequivocally the most impressive we’ve had.

  6. My spouse and i got quite thrilled Chris could round up his inquiry out of the precious recommendations he got using your web site. It is now and again perplexing to just continually be making a gift of secrets which many people could have been making money from. And we also understand we need the writer to give thanks to for this. These explanations you’ve made, the straightforward web site navigation, the friendships your site make it easier to engender – it’s got many wonderful, and it’s really assisting our son and our family do think the idea is interesting, which is certainly highly important. Thanks for the whole thing!

  7. I have to express some thanks to you for rescuing me from this situation. Right after surfing throughout the the web and meeting ideas which are not powerful, I believed my entire life was well over. Being alive minus the approaches to the problems you have solved by way of your good posting is a crucial case, as well as those that would have negatively affected my career if I hadn’t encountered your blog post. Your primary mastery and kindness in handling a lot of stuff was tremendous. I don’t know what I would have done if I hadn’t come across such a subject like this. I’m able to now look ahead to my future. Thank you very much for your professional and result oriented help. I will not be reluctant to suggest your web page to any person who should get counselling on this issue.

  8. Thanks for your thoughts. One thing I’ve got noticed is always that banks plus financial institutions are aware of the spending habits of consumers and understand that a lot of people max out there their cards around the getaways. They prudently take advantage of that fact and start flooding ones inbox and also snail-mail box together with hundreds of 0 APR credit cards offers shortly after the holiday season concludes. Knowing that should you be like 98 in the American general public, you’ll rush at the possible opportunity to consolidate financial debt and move balances towards 0 interest rate credit cards.

  9. My spouse and i have been really joyous when John managed to do his homework through your ideas he obtained through the weblog. It’s not at all simplistic to simply happen to be offering helpful hints that many people may have been trying to sell. Therefore we already know we have the website owner to appreciate for that. The most important illustrations you have made, the straightforward blog navigation, the friendships you will make it possible to create – it is mostly spectacular, and it’s helping our son in addition to the family reckon that that content is fun, which is certainly really essential. Many thanks for everything!twitch.tv/activate

  10. I have seen lots of useful items on your web-site about computers. However, I have the judgment that laptop computers are still less than powerful adequately to be a option if you generally do tasks that require a great deal of power, such as video croping and editing. But for world-wide-web surfing, microsoft word processing, and many other common computer work they are just fine, provided you never mind the small screen size. Thank you for sharing your ideas.

  11. My wife and i got joyful that Peter managed to finish up his survey with the precious recommendations he had from your very own web site. It is now and again perplexing just to be freely giving guidelines which usually a number of people may have been trying to sell. And we also realize we need you to thank for that. Those illustrations you made, the easy website navigation, the relationships you will help engender – it’s all remarkable, and it’s really aiding our son and us reckon that this idea is fun, and that is extraordinarily vital. Many thanks for the whole thing!http://www.twitch/activate

  12. My wife and i ended up being now happy when Albert could do his researching from the ideas he obtained through your weblog. It is now and again perplexing just to continually be making a gift of secrets and techniques which often people today might have been trying to sell. Therefore we discover we need you to appreciate because of that. Most of the explanations you’ve made, the straightforward website navigation, the relationships you can give support to create – it’s mostly impressive, and it’s really assisting our son and us know that this situation is satisfying, and that’s wonderfully vital. Thank you for the whole lot!http://www.twitch.tv/activate

  13. Have you ever considered about including a little bit more than just your articles? I mean, what you say is fundamental and everything. However imagine if you added some great images or video clips to give your posts more, “pop”! Your content is excellent but with pics and videos, this website could definitely be one of the very best in its field. Very good blog!

  14. I do like the way you have framed this particular situation plus it really does provide me personally some fodder for thought. Nonetheless, because of what precisely I have experienced, I just trust as the actual feedback pile on that people today stay on issue and don’t start upon a tirade associated with the news du jour. All the same, thank you for this exceptional point and while I can not necessarily go along with this in totality, I value your point of view.

  15. In this great pattern of things you get a B- for effort and hard work. Where exactly you lost me ended up being in all the particulars. As as the maxim goes, details make or break the argument.. And that could not be more correct here. Having said that, let me inform you exactly what did do the job. The authoring is definitely rather persuasive which is possibly the reason why I am making an effort to comment. I do not really make it a regular habit of doing that. Next, whilst I can easily notice the leaps in reasoning you come up with, I am not necessarily sure of just how you appear to connect the details which in turn produce the final result. For right now I will, no doubt subscribe to your issue but hope in the future you link your facts much better.

  16. My spouse and i ended up being quite contented that Peter managed to finish up his homework via the ideas he received from your very own weblog. It’s not at all simplistic to just always be offering helpful hints which often some people have been making money from. And we grasp we’ve got the writer to be grateful to for that. The type of explanations you’ve made, the straightforward site navigation, the friendships your site give support to engender – it’s got everything impressive, and it’s making our son in addition to the family reason why that theme is fun, and that’s tremendously important. Many thanks for all the pieces!

  17. The very core of your writing while sounding reasonable at first, did not sit properly with me personally after some time. Somewhere within the paragraphs you actually were able to make me a believer unfortunately only for a very short while. I nevertheless have a problem with your leaps in logic and you might do well to fill in those gaps. In the event you actually can accomplish that, I would certainly end up being fascinated.

  18. I’m also commenting to make you understand what a amazing discovery my wife’s girl had using the blog. She came to find a good number of issues, which included what it’s like to have a great coaching spirit to have folks without difficulty know precisely specified complex subject matter. You undoubtedly exceeded our own expected results. Many thanks for churning out such great, trusted, revealing and even cool thoughts on the topic to Ethel.

  19. Good – I should definitely pronounce, impressed with your web site. I had no trouble navigating through all tabs as well as related info ended up being truly easy to do to access. I recently found what I hoped for before you know it at all. Reasonably unusual. Is likely to appreciate it for those who add forums or anything, site theme . a tones way for your customer to communicate. Excellent task.

  20. Thank you a lot for giving everyone an exceptionally memorable opportunity to discover important secrets from this site. It is often very good plus jam-packed with a lot of fun for me and my office friends to visit your website a minimum of thrice every week to read through the latest guidance you will have. Of course, I am also at all times astounded with all the spectacular things you give. Certain two areas in this posting are truly the very best we have had.

  21. I’ve been exploring for a bit for any high-quality articles or weblog posts in this sort of area . Exploring in Yahoo I at last stumbled upon this website. Reading this info So i am happy to convey that I’ve an incredibly just right uncanny feeling I found out exactly what I needed. I such a lot definitely will make certain to don?t fail to remember this website and provides it a look on a constant basis.|https://bit.ly/3LHt4HQ

  22. I am impressed, I must say. very seldom do I stumble upon a blog thats both educational and entertaining, and let me tell you, youve hit the nail on the head. Your post is important; the matter is something that not many of us are speaking intelligently regarding. i’m very happy that I stumbled across this in my explore for one thing relating to it.

  23. The overall rule is always that payment of the financial debt cannot be enforced after a lapse of 6 years, but this period differs less than various jurisdictions. A typical technique for proving payment is by the creation of a signed receipt, but payment is usually proved in other techniques, and, conversely, manufacture of a receipt isn’t conclusive proof of payment. Money erroneously paid out could possibly be recoverable dependant upon the jurisdiction and if the payment was produced for a slip-up of reality or to be a error of law.

  24. It’s my belief that mesothelioma is definitely the most dangerous cancer. It contains unusual properties. The more I actually look at it a lot more I am assured it does not conduct itself like a true solid human cancer. In case mesothelioma is a rogue viral infection, in that case there is the possibility of developing a vaccine and offering vaccination to asbestos subjected people who are really at high risk of developing foreseeable future asbestos linked malignancies. Thanks for sharing your ideas about this important ailment.

  25. There are certainly numerous details like that to take into consideration. That could be a nice level to carry up. I supply the ideas above as common inspiration but clearly there are questions like the one you bring up the place the most important factor will likely be working in honest good faith. I don?t know if finest practices have emerged around things like that, but I’m sure that your job is clearly identified as a fair game. Each girls and boys really feel the affect of just a second’s pleasure, for the remainder of their lives.

  26. The final rule is that payment of a personal debt cannot be enforced after a lapse of six a long time, but this period differs below diverse jurisdictions. A standard means of proving payment is from the manufacture of a signed receipt, but payment could be proved in other means, and, conversely, creation of a receipt just isn’t conclusive proof of payment. Revenue erroneously paid out might be recoverable dependant upon the jurisdiction and whether the payment was built like a miscalculation of reality or being a error of legislation.Examine This Report on p2p

  27. Thanks for helping me to obtain new tips about computer systems. I also possess the belief that certain of the best ways to help keep your mobile computer in perfect condition has been a hard plastic material case, or even shell, which fits over the top of your computer. Most of these protective gear tend to be model unique since they are made to fit perfectly across the natural covering. You can buy these directly from owner, or through third party places if they are readily available for your notebook computer, however only a few laptop will have a shell on the market. Again, thanks for your recommendations.

  28. Digital photography can be quite exciting to start like a really rewarding movie plot. This is a comparatively simply yahoo movie that could provide your family collectively. Buy a new camera to let your kids possess a crazy time. You may well be in for a surprise after they supply you with the camera again using their talent. Everybody can get their change with it. Then you might all take the time to chill out and go over the many photographs everyone snapped.

  29. What i don’t understood is actually how you’re not really
    a lot more smartly-appreciated than you might be right now.
    You are so intelligent. You know thus significantly
    in relation to this topic, made me for my part consider it from a lot of
    numerous angles. Its like women and men are not fascinated unless it’s something to accomplish with
    Lady gaga! Your own stuffs nice. Always take care of it
    up!

  30. One more thing to say is that an online business administration diploma is designed for students to be able to effortlessly proceed to bachelors degree education. The Ninety credit certification meets the other bachelor diploma requirements so when you earn your associate of arts in BA online, you will have access to the newest technologies in this field. Some reasons why students want to get their associate degree in business is because they are interested in the field and want to have the general education and learning necessary prior to jumping into a bachelor education program. Thanks for the tips you provide within your blog.

  31. In this great design of things you get a B- with regard to hard work. Where you lost everybody was in the particulars. You know, they say, details make or break the argument.. And that could not be much more true right here. Having said that, let me reveal to you exactly what did give good results. Your authoring is actually really convincing and this is most likely the reason why I am taking an effort to opine. I do not make it a regular habit of doing that. Next, despite the fact that I can notice a jumps in reasoning you make, I am not sure of how you seem to connect the ideas which in turn produce the conclusion. For right now I will, no doubt subscribe to your position however wish in the near future you actually link the dots much better.

  32. I and my pals appeared to be going through the great suggestions on the website then immediately developed an awful feeling I never expressed respect to the site owner for them. These boys came absolutely glad to read through all of them and have extremely been making the most of those things. I appreciate you for simply being indeed accommodating as well as for choosing varieties of amazing areas most people are really eager to understand about. My sincere regret for not saying thanks to earlier.

  33. hey there and thank you for your information – I have definitely picked up anything new from right here. I did however expertise a few technical points using this web site, as I experienced to reload the website lots of times previous to I could get it to load properly. I had been wondering if your web host is OK? Not that I’m complaining, but sluggish loading instances times will often affect your placement in google and can damage your quality score if advertising and marketing with Adwords. Anyway I’m adding this RSS to my email and can look out for a lot more of your respective exciting content. Ensure that you update this again very soon..

  34. Definitely believe that which you said. Your favorite reason seemed to be on the net the easiest thing to be aware of. I say to you, I certainly get annoyed while people consider worries that they just do not know about. You managed to hit the nail upon the top and defined out the whole thing without having side effect , people can take a signal. Will probably be back to get more. Thanks

  35. Toller Ort, um Rolladen zu kaufen. Tag-Nacht mit Führern, plus Moskitonetze. Gute Verarbeitungsqualität, alles passt, heutzutage passiert nichts Schlimmes. Dazu eine große Auswahl an Materialien. Ich empfehle! Professioneller Service und Beratung, ich habe welche Dienstleistungen des Unternehmens (Rollläden) viele Male in Anspruch bestellt, sowohl für mich als auch zu gunsten von meine Familie, des weiteren es war immerzu alles perfekt.

  36. Toller Ort, um Rolladen zu kaufen. Tag-Nacht mit Führern, bezeichnend Moskitonetze. Gute Verarbeitungsqualität, alles passt, heutzutage passiert nichts Schlimmes. Dazu eine große Auswahl an Materialien. Ich empfehle! Professioneller Service und Zuschuss, ich habe die Dienstleistungen des Unternehmens (Rollläden) viele Male in Anspruch angewendet, sowohl für mich als auch jetzt für meine Familie, und es war immerzu alles perfekt.

  37. Toller Ort, um Rolladen zu kaufen. Tag-Nacht mit Führern, bezeichnend Moskitonetze. Gute Verarbeitungsqualität, alles passt, heutzutage passiert nichts Schlimmes. Dazu eine große Auswahl an Materialien. Ich empfehle! Professioneller Service und Beratung, ich habe alle Dienstleistungen des Unternehmens (Rollläden) viele Male in Anspruch angewendet, sowohl für mich als auch jetzt für meine Familie, ferner es war immer alles perfekt.

  38. Hi I am so delighted I found your blog, I really found you by accident, while I was searching
    on Bing for something else, Nonetheless I am here now and would just like to say kudos for a tremendous post and a all round exciting blog (I also love
    the theme/design), I don’t have time to read through it all at the
    moment but I have book-marked it and also added your RSS feeds, so when I have time
    I will be back to read much more, Please do keep up the superb work.

  39. Wonderful items from you, man. I have take note your stuff previous
    to and you are simply extremely great. I really like what you have acquired here,
    certainly like what you are stating and the best way in which
    you are saying it. You make it entertaining
    and you continue to take care of to stay it smart. I cant wait to read far more from you.
    That is actually a tremendous web site.

  40. Hello there I am so happy I found your weblog, I really
    found you by accident, while I was searching on Bing for something else, Regardless I am here
    now and would just like to say thanks for a marvelous post and a all round enjoyable blog (I also
    love the theme/design), I don’t have time to go through it all at the minute but I have bookmarked it and also added in your RSS feeds, so when I have
    time I will be back to read a lot more, Please
    do keep up the superb work.

  41. I think that what you published was very reasonable. However, what about this?

    what if you wrote a catchier title? I am not saying your
    content isn’t good., but suppose you added something that grabbed folk’s attention? I mean ক্রীতদাস ব্যবসা বাংলা থেকে আমেরিকা
    – আলোর দেশে is a little vanilla. You ought to peek at
    Yahoo’s home page and watch how they create news headlines to get people
    to click. You might try adding a video or a picture or two to grab readers excited about everything’ve got to say.

    Just my opinion, it could bring your posts a little livelier.

  42. Magnificent goods from you, man. I’ve understand
    your stuff previous to and you’re just extremely great.
    I actually like what you have acquired here, really like what you’re stating and the way in which you say it.
    You make it enjoyable and you still take care of to keep it sensible.
    I cant wait to read much more from you. This is actually a tremendous web site.

  43. Generally, doing your personal research and listening to suggestions is the approach to go.
    However; the ideas listed above work in producing curiosity quickly
    in what you are doing and could be very useful to get these first
    clients through the door and closed in a quick timeframe.
    Social media is hot presently. These social media might be something:
    Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, you name it. Twitter is one
    other in style social networking platform. The terrorist management
    completely did not coherently communicate the vision and objectives of the movement so
    as to win the help of the populace. Even more disastrous are public fractures inside the leadership
    that can be amplified throughout the movement as a whole.
    In reality, the entire point of working with a CPA supply boils all the way down to
    discovering and “connecting” the proprietor of the product and its potential buyer.
    Merchants aren’t stupid. When this happens, they’ll either
    cut the payout, or extra possible pull the offer and work solely with a
    small group of trusted associates who have demonstrated they’ll ship high quality leads.

  44. Wow, blog ini sungguh luar biasa! 🚀 Saya terpukau dengan kontennya yang penuh semangat dan edukatif. 🌟 Setiap artikel memberikan pengetahuan baru dan memotivasi. 👏 Saya benar-benar merasa terhubung dengan pembahasan yang menyenangkan dan relevan. 🤩 Tambahkan terus konten-konten seru seperti ini! 💯 Jangan berhenti berbagi ilmu pengetahuan dan kegembiraan. 🌈 Terima kasih terima kasih banyak atas kerja kerasnya! 🙌✨ Ayo bertambah berkarya dan jadikan blog ini sebagai inspirasi bagi semua! 🌟👍 #SemangatPositif #Inspirasional #NomorSatu

  45. Hello! I realize this is kind of off-topic however I had to ask.
    Does building a well-established website such as yours require
    a large amount of work? I am brand new to blogging but I do write in my journal every day.
    I’d like to start a blog so I can share my experience and views online.
    Please let me know if you have any kind of suggestions or tips for brand new aspiring bloggers.

    Appreciate it!

  46. Touch the sting of the test strip to the blood and hold it there.

    Reassess System Listing: Since new phones and other tech gadgets are
    continually coming out, testers should check back often to make sure they’ve a superb list of objects to test apps on. However, electric poffertjes makers
    can be found as effectively. Chevy’s legendary Camaro was first made
    in 1967. The sixth era of them began rolling out in 2016 and was
    named “Motor Trend” Automotive of the Yr for that
    very same 12 months as properly. It is additionally potential that you
    may nicely be lactose intolerant which may lead to a lot of signs and signs which incorporates looseness of, belly ache and petrol.
    Want-based financial assist is set by tuition prices minus the anticipated contribution by the
    student’s household; a pupil’s individual help program may embrace a combination of grants, loans
    and student jobs. Lavelle, Louis. “Enterprise College Costs on the Rise.”
    Business Week. Better of all, Chevy II represented
    more “plus” enterprise for Chevrolet. Nevertheless, those in cost of selling needed one thing extra highly effective that may recommend exhilaration and “pizzazz” to the European patrons for whom they have been aiming.
    Capri was a reputation already acquainted to European motorists, having graced a sleek hardtop coupe in the British Ford Consul line in the early Sixties.

  47. Poet Ezra Pound trumpets fascism: Within the thirties, expatriate American poet Ezra Pound grew to become increasingly excited about sociopolitical issues.
    Within the course of the conflict, Pound made hundreds of anti-American radio
    broadcasts. There are hundreds of Websites with discussions with regard to
    the 9/11 conspiracy. Semitic conspiracy theories.
    Arrested by American troops in 1945, he was imprisoned in Italy and, on return to the U.S.,
    was pronounced mentally unfit to face trial for treason.
    Meanwhile, Brauchitsch resisted many attempts to contain himself
    in the navy conspiracy in opposition to Adolf Hitler.

    In December 1941, Adolf Hitler himself turned commander of the German military, replacing Brauchitsch.

    They were used from December 1941, especially by Einsatzgruppen and on the Chelmno demise camp.

    While Einsatzgruppen would go on to execute lots
    of of thousands of Jews within the course
    of the warfare, Babi Yar was the largest particular person massacre.
    Altogether, many thousands of individuals were killed within the vans.
    Meanwhile, life was harsh for the 60,000 peculiar individuals who had not been evacuated.

  48. Before heading out on your honeymoon, you want to go to the net web site of Donna Dolce for some elegant lingerie to act out all your kinky fantasies with your new husband. Learn to make a flower out of fabric that’s different from any other fabric flower patterns you’ve made. This Denim Flower Corsage is unique in consequence of you may make it from previous jeans. DIY Wedding Corsage With no Wristlet is perfect for bridesmaids and flower girls. This perfect accessory will make your little one stand out at any marriage ceremony. Or use it as a ponytail holder or bracelet for a quick hair accessory or bracelet repair. The bracelet options a silver bracelet with all sorts of plastic and steel sparkling leaves and flowers hooked up to it and a giant faux flower on high that completes the look wonderfully. With its durable physique made of a ribbon and three different felt flowers with a few felt leaves behind, it is perfect for the younger lady in your life! You possibly can wrap it round a wrist or attach it with a ribbon or one other fastener. A wrist corsage additionally appears to be like very elegant. This wrist corsage appears as good as the actual flower corsages!

  49. There are lots of Indian lingerie websites that promote top quality and inexpensive lingerie online. They are known worldwide as among the many finest manufacturers for lingerie, together with bras, corsets, chemises, underwear units and more! Experiment with totally different fabric options to search out those that make you feel your best. So, best from those flirty skirts to the sensuous lingerie, one is all decided to pile up on the polka! So, full disclosure: I can’t truly put on this. So, who wears a corsage at a marriage ceremony ceremony? But who wears a corsage at a wedding? THE PATRIARCH OF OUR Household AND THE MAN WHO Began OUR Enterprise IN 1979 With his Baby BROTHER CHARLES. Like on a child shower occasion, the mother to be is cherished and revered with a corsage. It can be worn like a ring of flowers on your hairs and with a small bunch of flowers being pinned into the hairs. This type is pinned on your handbag. It is believed the corset might possibly be the oldest type of underwear. It’s being carried out via the oldest time that the men give it to the girls they admire and the female reverts it back by giving or pinning a boutonniere on their male partner’s shirt or jacket.

  50. Ultimately, the decision to make use of a corsage or nosegay is a personal one and depends upon the individual’s preferences and the occasion at hand. Gone are the days when your lingerie was just restricted to excessive distinction basic colour where, you had couple of units with you, which you use to wear on a rotating foundation. In actual fact, salespersons right now are each male and female. This is not only used in arousing their male counterpart, but also a form of a confidence builder for them. Proper now girls aren’t any extra reluctant in buying lingerie in markets and that to in entrance of the male sales males. Fold or roll your lingerie inside a fabric organizer to avoid snagging instead of stacking your gadgets one on prime of the other, file them, one in entrance of the opposite. Support will be sexy with Glamorise’s line of bras from lacy, low-shelf bralettes and satiny front closure ones in shiny colors and fairly patterns. If at all you’re on the marginally higher side then it’s best go in for the skyscraper ones like Lace Bikini in Royal Blue accessible on PrettySecrets.

  51. From the demure minimize to the look, lingerie has a provocative sense of fashion that brings out the femininity in the wearer. To be at your perfect, you need to arrange all the pieces upfront and test out every thing before the marriage. In this text, we’ll share important suggestions on discovering the perfect wedding ceremony lingerie for that particular occasion. Accurate Measurements: Obtaining precise measurements is essential for finding lingerie that fits properly. As a way to handle issues properly both at dwelling and work, a woman must be snug in addition to good. Whether or not you are celebrating a birthday, anniversary, new child, delivering get nicely wishes, a hospital gift, funeral flowers or particular tribute, Carithers Flowers will design and deliver the proper custom flower association or reward basket – only for you. Most brides choose babydolls to make their first evening special. For every sale, they make extra earnings.

  52. If the wedding coordinator is a female, then they’re generally given a corsage to wear too. There’s spicing issues up, then there’s spicing things up in Julien Macdonald lingerie. The thrilling seek for the best lingerie requires maintaining several issues in thoughts, including type, fabric, and product varieties. It’s necessary to know and perceive these variations so you understand exactly what you are getting and likewise what you probably can rely on to attain out of your product. We know women’s underwear higher than anybody, and we’re here to guantee that your lingerie leaves you feeling your finest. We do our greatest to ensure that the products that you just order are delivered to you in full and in line with your specs. Please text us a photograph of the items to affirm your objects are in-stock or if you’re having difficulties putting a web based order for decide-up or supply. This Premier Seacoast Florist is situated at the Tannery and gives same-day delivery. Flowerama Cedar Rapids proudly gives similar-day flower supply on Sundays and day-after-day. Can you find your 5months outdated bra in the same condition compared to the day when you first woreit? Lady Duff Gordon of Lucile was one in all the primary pioneers on lingerie freeing women from restrictive corsets.

  53. If you’re unsure what type of lingerie is correct to your physique kind, you can use our Type Join service to get personalised recommendation from a method professional who might help you discover your excellent fit. This is described in the help menu of every browser, which explains how you can change your cookie settings. Persistent cookies are routinely deleted after a specified interval, which may fluctuate depending on the cookie. This may increasingly trigger further information processing beyond our control. We have now concluded a knowledge processing settlement with the companions and perform knowledge protection influence assessments to verify that data processing complies with the present laws. While they might seem related at first look, they have distinct options catering to totally different preferences. So, get ready to impress while you undress with the sexiest vary of women’s lingerie to make you’re feeling your best! Begin taking a look at marriage ceremony ceremony night lingerie and a minimum of two weeks previous to the marriage week to ensure you look absolute sexiest on your special evening. And there are many hidden nooks perfect for whiling away a couple of hours – or even the entire night. A perfect panty provides you a stroll of confidence, no matter how many occasions you sit or stand and even stroll up the steps with the whole world behind you.

  54. A lingerie dress was a popular sort of dress in the North America and Europe throughout the decades of the 1900s till 1920. The gown was lightweight, typically white and decorated. Store white lingerie, fairly pink, romantic purple and extremely sexy black lingerie. Just in case you are uncomfortable or in confident of strolling right into a retailer to buy lingerie, you possibly can always search for one thing online. I think it is superb for them to see different sized women because of this of in another case they’ll actually feel dangerous about themselves if they don’t look like the fashions. Like their larger cousins, spray roses come in a full range of hues from pale to vivid, giving you many choices to choose from. Whatever size or shape you might be there’s now an enormous range of raunchy underwear obtainable to enhance your confidence and desirability. Buying new underwear is the proper solution to impress your partner in the bedroom, with an important range of garments on the market corresponding to bustiers and thongs; with all this and so far more you are really ready to enhance that sexy feeling for the benefit of both you and your accomplice.

  55. Lingerie as a sexually interesting undergarment began during the nineteenth century. Based by 23-year-old Cami Tellez and Jack DeFuria, Parade launched in October 2019 and it has already made our Instagram feed (and our lingerie drawer) brighter and better. The most effective option to seek out out this truth can be to go through her drawer and see what size she is carrying and what kind of lingerie she prefers. It is essential to select lingerie in the right measurement with the intention to really feel comfortable and sexy while carrying it. They need their undergarments to really feel them comfy as well as fashionable in order that it seems superior. However even then, each particular person will feel snug in one thing fully different. Start looking for one thing that is utterly different possibly one thing that you have not tried even now. This is probably the greatest hacks, even when you don’t have to pay big, you will get something superior. In a bunch, there are lots of ladies and most likely they have a different choice. So naughty scorching women who is stopping you? Lingerie is a long run which constitutes of panties, stockings, thongs, garters, sheer night gowns and so on. Idea of lingerie has been taking up to the interval when individuals who lived in the forests wears some other objects than this concepts arises.

  56. Dessous is weaker to Magic and Ranged than Stab. A player demonstrating what happens when prayer flicking between Protect from Ranged and Melee in opposition to Dessous, inflicting him to not assault. The 3 excellent lace wholesale lingerie items from the Rene Rife sexy wholesale corset assortment could be the Lace & Mesh Halter Baby doll Set, the Lace Entrance Tie Back Teddy, and the Lace Peek-A-Boo Bra and Crotch much less Thong Set. Presenting this reward card is not just about giving; it is about offering an expertise of exploration and self-expression inside our unique collection. This unique focus on quality has made Bordelle some of the recognizable brands on the earth. While serving in World Battle I, an American soldier meets a young girl in Paris. Let’s find out about these two sometimes tough phrases that may turn the world upside-down! You possibly can get these things delivered to your home effortlessly. Fortuitously, there are numerous things that you are able to do to ensure that your lingerie is each flattering and comfortable.

  57. I highly advise stay away from this site. My own encounter with it has been purely dismay along with suspicion of scamming practices. Be extremely cautious, or better yet, look for a trustworthy service to fulfill your requirements.I highly advise steer clear of this site. My personal experience with it has been nothing but disappointment as well as concerns regarding deceptive behavior. Be extremely cautious, or even better, look for a more reputable service to meet your needs.

  58. I urge you to avoid this platform. The experience I had with it was only disappointment and concerns regarding fraudulent activities. Proceed with extreme caution, or alternatively, seek out an honest platform for your needs.I highly advise to avoid this site. The experience I had with it has been only dismay as well as doubts about scamming practices. Exercise extreme caution, or alternatively, find an honest site to fulfill your requirements.

  59. I highly advise to avoid this site. The experience I had with it was only disappointment and suspicion of deceptive behavior. Be extremely cautious, or better yet, look for an honest service to fulfill your requirements.I urge you stay away from this site. My own encounter with it was nothing but frustration along with suspicion of deceptive behavior. Be extremely cautious, or even better, find a trustworthy platform to fulfill your requirements.

  60. I strongly recommend steer clear of this site. The experience I had with it was purely disappointment along with concerns regarding scamming practices. Proceed with extreme caution, or alternatively, seek out a more reputable service to fulfill your requirements.I strongly recommend steer clear of this site. My own encounter with it has been purely frustration along with suspicion of fraudulent activities. Exercise extreme caution, or even better, seek out a more reputable site to meet your needs.

  61. I strongly recommend steer clear of this platform. My personal experience with it has been only disappointment along with doubts about fraudulent activities. Be extremely cautious, or alternatively, find a more reputable site to fulfill your requirements.I highly advise stay away from this site. My personal experience with it has been only frustration as well as doubts about deceptive behavior. Be extremely cautious, or even better, find a more reputable service for your needs.

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published.

x